Essay Examples on Chinese Culture Essay Example

Essay Examples on Chinese Culture Paper 1st Essay Sample on Chinese Culture The Chinese Lake Murders were written by author, Robert Van Gulik and can be used to learn about pre-modern Chinese civilization.The book was set during the Ming Dynasty in the town of Han-yuan, which is about 60 miles north west of the imperial capital.The novel tells the tale of how Judge Dee, the magistrate (an official responsible for catching criminals as well as sentencing them) of Han-yuan solves crime cases while indulging himself in beautiful women, greed and political matters.Van Gulik uses this book and many of his others to describe the culture that of Imperial China. Imperial/Confucian culture lasted in China for about 2,100 years (from 200 BCE to 1900 CE and it) and it still keeps the image oh Chinese society strong.To many we are unable to know what Imperial/Confucian culture was like.In reading Robert Van Gulik’s book The Chinese Lake Murders, it placed me within Chinese culture, explaining the aspects of Chinese culture better than reading some test books. In reading the book, I learned that each village or section of a town had a warden who was responsible for knowing who lived in his area and what they did.I also learned that districts were ruled over by judges who in turn reported to provincial magistrates, who in turn reported to the Imperial court.To keep things honest, imperial censors traveled throughout the empire incognito, with the authority of the Emperor himself to arrest or condemn officials deemed abusing their authority.Districts judges and provincial magistrates were rotated to different places throughout their career, to avoid the abuses of long rule in any one place. Lastly, ranks of nobility decayed from one generation to the nest.So if you were of one noble rank, your children would be of the next lower rank, and their children would just be commoners, but this rule did not apply for the emperors children. 2nd Essay Sample on Chinese Culture The Chinese Lake Murders were written by author, Robert Van Gulik and can be used to learn about pre-modern Chinese civilization.The book was set during the Ming Dynasty in the town of Han-yuan, which is about 60 miles north west of the imperial capital.The novel tells the tale of how Judge Dee, the magistrate (an official responsible for catching criminals as well as sentencing them) of Han-yuan solves crime cases while indulging himself in beautiful women, greed and political matters.Van Gulik uses this book and many of his others to describe the culture that of Imperial China. Imperial/Confucian culture lasted in China for about 2,100 years (from 200 BCE to 1900 CE and it) and it still keeps the image oh Chinese society strong.To many we are unable to know what Imperial/Confucian culture was like.In reading Robert Van Gulik’s book The Chinese Lake Murders, it placed me within Chinese culture, explaining the aspects of Chinese culture better than reading some test books. In reading the book, I learned that each village or section of a town had a warden who was responsible for knowing who lived in his area and what they did.I also learned that districts were ruled over by judges who in turn reported to provincial magistrates, who in turn reported to the Imperial court.To keep things honest, imperial censors traveled throughout the empire incognito, with the authority of the Emperor himself to arrest or condemn officials deemed abusing their authority.Districts judges and provincial magistrates were rotated to different places throughout their career, to avoid the abuses of long rule in any one place. Lastly, ranks of nobility decayed from one generation to the nest.So if you were of one noble rank, your children would be of the next lower rank, and their children would just be commoners, but this rule did not apply for the emperors children. We will write a custom essay sample on Essay Examples on Chinese Culture specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Essay Examples on Chinese Culture specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Essay Examples on Chinese Culture specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

We Offer Best Blog Writing Service for Customers

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Employee Relation - disciplinary & grievance procedures Outline

Employee Relation - disciplinary & grievance procedures - Outline Example Such a procedure enables the employees to have a formal means of complaint about their terms and conditions, working environment, and related issues. Just like grievance procedure, disciplinary action is also meant to resolve issues that are deemed to be in violation of the organisation’s code of conduct in order to improve their performance. If such issues are unresolved, they may lead to conflicts among the members of the organisation and these are counterproductive. Therefore, the role of the disciplinary and grievances procedure is to set the benchmarks that can guide the behaviour of the members in an organisation. Hawkins (1979) posits to the effect that these procedures in an organisation are meant to influence the behaviour of management, employees and trade union representatives in a defined situation to abide by a certain code of conduct. In short, the main purpose of procedures is to have an agreed set of rules which can be used to channel any discussion with regards to issues reflecting discontent through appropriate mechanisms towards finding a resolution. In most cases, matters pertaining to disciplinary and grievance issues are expected to be resolved informally at lower levels in an organisation. However, it must be noted that these procedures are hierarchical in nature. Such issues are first dealt with by the line manager. If the matter has not been resolved, then mediation is considered as a viable option. If there is no solution in sight to the contentious issues, then the matter is raised formally through the disciplinary and grievance procedures for consideration by the top management. Such procedures have been designed in a way to delineate a proper channel that can be followed by a complainant to have his or her issue solved in a formal way. Likewise, every organisation is structured in a particular way and this structure helps to shape the behaviour as

The Lamentation by Ludovicco Carracci Research Paper

The Lamentation by Ludovicco Carracci - Research Paper Example The figure’s pose invokes the dead Christ. It shows Christ’s right hand as being distorted. His left hand which is cradled by Mary Magdalene appears dislocated. The virgin has fainted at the sight of her son lying across her lap. In this artwork, the Virgin Mary is shown as a middle-aged woman instead of young and beautiful. Saint John is shielding Christ’s feet by a raised winding sheet and falls with increasing strength on his chest and head. The Virgin Mary, the other three Maries and Saint John are used to bring out a striking effect on the artwork with a neutral background (Wolk-Simon, Bambach & Alsteens 127). Mannerist was used to make the painting. The artwork is associated with the 15th century in the year 1582. The artwork’s origin is in Italy in Bologna. The artwork fits in the category of the 15th-century Italian printers. The technique used to make this artwork was painting using oil on canvas material. Traditional oil painting often began with sketches onto the canvas with charcoal, chalk or thinned paint. The oil paint was then mixed with linseed oil or other solvents to create a faster drying paint. Generally, solvents thin the oil in the paint. Moreover, each additional layer should contain more oil than the layer before it, to allow proper drying. If the additional layer contains less oil, then the final painting will crack and peel. The quality and type of oil determine whether the paint film is stable and strong. Oil paint does not dry fast it remains wet for long. This enables the artist to revise their work if any correction is needed. An artist can change the color , texture or the form of the whole artwork. Earlier works were panel paintings on wood but around the 15th century canvas became more popular. Canvas was preferred by artists because it was cheaper than wood and easy to transport because it was light. Painting using oil on canvas spread through Italy from

Radio Ad Essay Example for Free

Radio Ad Essay Are you elderly? Are you having problems with arthritis, osteoporosis, or injuries from falling? Here is the information that you have been looking for, how to promote a healthy musculoskeletal system, from none other than Dr. Solomon, Concierge MD. Me: Dr. Solomon, what exactly is the musculoskeletal system? Dr. Solomon: The musculoskeletal system consists of your bones, and your muscles. In this system one is as important as the other. Bones are important because they provides needed protection for your organs as well as providing a support to the muscles so that they can function properly. Me: What are the risk factors for arthritis? Dr. Solomon: There are several factors that can contribute to developing arthritis. Anywhere between the types of shoes that you wear, to the type of beverage you consume in the morning. Me: What can we do to prevent arthritis? Dr. Solomon: In order to decrease the chance of getting arthritis, maintaining a healthy weight and exercise routine is a must. Me: What about osteoporosis risk factors and prevention? Dr. Solomon: There are several risk factors for osteoporosis, some of which are not preventable. These risk factors are sex, age, race, family history, and frame size. There are also risk factors that are associated with your hormone levels, dietary factors, steroid use, and lifestyle choices. Ways to prevent osteoporosis depend on whether it is due to environmental factors, or genetics. Genetic form of osteoporosis cannot be prevented. However, you can decrease your risk by not being too skinny, because the bones deteriorate faster, consuming calcium, exercising and keeping a proper meal plan. Me: Now we have heard about arthritis and osteoporosis, what about injuries sustained from falling? Dr. Solomon: We all know that the elderly are at risk for falling for a number of different reasons. The risk for falls increases with age. However, age does not cause all falls. Most falls are the result for another causes. Muscle weakness in the legs, blood pressure drops, dizziness, slower reflexes, etc. Some things that can be done to prevent falling can be removing clutter, loose rugs, carrying heavy items up or down stairs or uneven flooring, not having rails for stairs or bathroom bars. Me: Well that is all the time that we have for today. Thank you so much for being here with us Dr. Solomon, and for all of the information that you provided us with. References: http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0018/74700/E82552.pdf http://media.pearsoncmg.com/pcp/pls_1256317047/ch15_pg430_thru_433.pdf http://www.slideshare.net/sacklax40/musculoskeletal-system-324696

Propeller Aircraft Past Present And Future Technologies Engineering Essay

Propeller Aircraft Past Present And Future Technologies Engineering Essay This is a preliminary report for a project on Propeller aircraft, it aims to show the past, present and future technologies used on propeller driven aircraft. The introduction gives a brief history of propeller engine development. After which objectives section explains what this report hopes to achieve by the end of this project. Few of the main objectives include, highlighting the advancements in propeller blade designs and propeller engines, and detailing the future technologies currently in development regarding propeller aircraft. Also it is intends to explain the argument why propeller aircraft are better suited for intercity travel when compared to jet aircraft due to overall lower environmental pollution. This report then describes the tasks that need to be carried out in order to bring this project to a timely conclusion, the progress that has been made to date and finally limitations regarding this project are outlined and mitigating strategies discussed. Table of Contents Word Count = 2133 1 Introduction Propeller aircraft have come a long way since the early days of fixed pitch wooden propellers that were used by the Wright brothers on the Wright Flyer. These propellers were not very efficient as they were fixed pitch, which meant that they were only optimum in at one engine speed. I.e. either they were good for takeoff but the angle was not right for cruise or they were optimum at cruise but not efficient during takeoff due to high slippage. Figure 1 shows some examples of fixed pitch propellers o different designs. Figure 1, Examples of fixed pitch propellers. Available [Online] at http://www.airfieldmodels.com/information_source/model_aircraft_engines/propellers.htm [Accessed: 23rd November 2010] 1.2 Historical Developments In the late 1920s we saw the development of ground adjusted metal propeller this allowed for better efficiency as blade angles could be changed due to the local weather conditions and the different type of aircraft they were being used on. Figure 2 shows a ground adjustable metal propeller. Figure 2, Ground adjustable propeller. Available [Online] at http://www.legend.aero/options3.asp [Accessed 27th November 2010] These also became outdated by the development of constant speed propeller system, which allowed you to change the pitch of the propeller blades during ground or in flight and this system continues to be used even today. Other improvements of propeller designs from 1930s through World War II included the feathering of the propeller for multi engine aircraft in case one engine became inoperative during flight; and reversing propeller systems that allowed for shorter landing distances and greater ground manoeuvrability. (Delp, 1979) In recent times we have seen the development of composite blades, which are lighter, stronger and more durable then metal blades and are controlled by constant variable pitch changing mechanism which offer optimum efficiency. As the design of the propeller blades have been changing constantly so has the way these propellers have been powered, from the early piston engines to the turboprop engines of current times; each change ensuring better performance and more efficient propeller aircraft. Though the development of the Jet engine in the 1930s by Sir Frank Whittle, an RAF serviceman was suppose to change the game plan for propeller aircraft as turbofan engines were perceived to be the only future, turboprop engines have defied those expectations and are still continued to be used till today. The reason for this is that they provide maximum efficiency in low altitude, short range flights such as city hopper jets. These are usually operated from smaller airports hence the short takeoff and landing (STOL) characteristic of these aircraft gives them the edge over the turbojets. They are also more fuel economical when compared to their turbofan counterparts as the latter burn high quantity of fuel during takeoff and climb out phases and are usually optimum for long range, high altitude flights, due to this they are also ideal as fright carrier aircraft. So for these reasons turboprops continued to be used by many airlines for short haul flights, and hence therefore continue to defy the prediction of those sceptic people who said that propeller aircraft would die out as turbofans were the clear cut future of civil aviation. Figure 3 shows a modern day constant speed, composite bladed turboprop aircraft, from this we can how the design of the blades and pitch changing mechanism s have evolved from the early wooden and metal props. http://images.asme.org/MEMagazine/Articles/2009/December/21224.jpg Figure 3, Constant Speed Propeller, Available [Online] at http://images.asme.org/MEMagazine/Articles/2009/December/21224.jpg> [Accessed] 1st Dec 2010]) 2 Aims The aim of this project is to provide an in depth report of the development of propeller aircraft and their associated benefits over jet aircraft. To highlight why turboprops are best for inter city travel and their relative environmental impact when compared to turbojets, this will be done by analysing the statistical figures for their fuel efficiency, the average fuel emissions per person and the noise emissions of the two types of aircraft; from this one will be able to come to the conclusion that which of these type of aircraft are best to reduce the environmental impact of air travel. Also the past, present and future technologies for propeller aircraft will be discussed and presented to the reader clearly explaining their benefits. 2.2 Objectives The objectives of this report are listed below and explain the issues that this report is going to investigate and the findings it will show. To explore the development of the propeller engines from the early piston engines through to the modern day turboprops. To examine how propeller blades have developed over the years from the early wooden to the composite blades of today, including studying the development of variable pitch changing mechanism that has significantly increased propeller efficiency in each different flight phase. To highlight the benefits of propeller engines over jet engines for inter city travel aircraft and freight carriers. To investigate the fuel efficiency and noise emissions of different types of propeller aircraft, in particular turboprop. To investigate the future technology being developed using propeller aircraft, such as the open rotor concept that was first studied in the 1980s by General Electrics and NASA due to the last round of high fuel prices. To highlight the benefits and drawbacks of distinctive propeller A/C designs, such as the tilt-rotor technology that is employed on the Boeing-Bell V22 Osprey. To analyse future methods and procedures that could be used to reduce the environmental impact of propeller aircraft such as external noise suppression, synchrophasing of propeller blades and active noise control. To investigate the different fluid dynamic studies that have been carried out on various different propeller designs to show which design is the most efficient and why. 3 Analysis of tasks To achieve the objectives of this report extensive research on propeller aircraft will be carried out, especially regarding turboprops. A performance database listing all the appraisals for major turboprop aircraft that are being used in commercial and military environments will be constructed. This will make it easy to compare the performances of different turboprop aircraft against one another of different category and weight i.e. their fuel consumption, ceiling height, max speed etc. In order to highlight the benefits of turboprops for intercity travel, turbojets used for the same routes will also be looked at, in order to give a direct comparison. To investigate the development of propeller engines, propeller blades and the pitch changing mechanism the following textbooks will be used amongst others: Aircraft Propellers and Controls, Delp, Frank, 1979 Powerplant Textbook, Jeppesen, 2002 Jet and Turbine Aero engines, Gunston, Bill, 1997 As well as these books other sources such as the internet and aircraft magazines are to be used. The internet will be the main source of information for this report as it contains vast amount of data and archives related to propeller aircraft and their development, information that otherwise would be hard to find. After the research is completed into each part it will be collated into one report. The main findings from this report are expected to show whether propeller aircraft or jet aircraft have lower environmental impact during short haul flights. Future technologies involving turboprop engines will also be included; in particular the development of the General Electrics GE36 open rotor engine of the 1980s which gave us increased fuel efficiency. Figure 4 shows a GE36 on a NASA test rig. The major drawbacks for this design such as noise, vibration issues will also be discussed in the view of reducing environmental pollution. (Open rotor engine, 2008) Photo Figure 4, Open Rotor Engine [Online] Available at: http://www.greencarcongress.com/2008/07/cfm-introduces.html [Accessed] 3rd December 2010) The fluid dynamic studies involving different propeller designs will be looked at to see which blade design is the most efficient and to explain the reason behind this. If time permits Solidworks will be used to simulate fluid dynamics on at least two different blade designs to confirm these findings. 4 Gantt Chart 5 Current status of the project Research has been carried out using various internet sites and information has been gathered on the development of propeller engines, the blades construction and the pitch change mechanism used on propeller aircraft. Also a database appraisal of different props that are currently in use around the world is being constructed, detailing information such as range, max payload, max ceiling etc; this will be used to validate why propeller aircraft are more economical for short haul flight when compared to jet aircraft. Research on the ultra high bypass (prop fan) open rotor concept has shown that the new designs by using titanium, lightweight stainless steel and composite materials offer 15 percent better fuel economy then some leading turbofan engines. The designers for this engine have achieved 30:1 bypass ratio, by employing single or dual propellers with composite blades that have 12 to 15 feet diameter. As composite blades are lighter, they allow for safer operation at higher speeds. But the disadvantages of noise, vibration and maintenance issues cannot be simply overlooked. This information has helped to clarify why this design has the potential for success but also why it is still a long way to becoming a reality. (Jeppesen, 2002) The Bombardier Q400 (Q standing for Quiet) was looked at and shows that this new generation turboprop aircraft produces 30 percent less fuel emissions and is said to be more efficient then an average car, when calculated on per passenger basis. It also employs a revolutionary Active Noise and Vibration Suppression system; that prevents noise and vibration from entering the cabin. (Bombardiers Greener Turboprop, 2008) 6 Discussion Conclusion The research that has been conducted up to now is generic to say the least, but it does cover most of the objectives that are listed for this report. Nonetheless, more specific research is needed regarding points such as the future development of propeller engines especially the open rotor concept; and the potential noise suppression techniques being studied for turboprop aircraft. Research regarding the last two points will have to be conducted over the Christmas holidays as much more information is needed, whilst it is to be ensured that enough time is also taken out for revision for end of semester exams straight after the holidays. In view of the time constraints the study on fluid dynamics of propeller blades using computer software Solidworks will be carried out towards the end of the project, this is to ensure that main objectives of this project are covered as it is assumed that it will take time to get used to operating this software. The purpose of this part is to show which propeller blade shape is most efficient and why. Due to the secrecy of manufacturers regarding their new and exclusive products, especially in the aircraft industry; it is presumed that it will be difficult to get up to date information such as figures and stats for developing technologies such as the open rotor engine being developed by GE and NASA. Along with the already developed tilt-rotor military AC from Boeing-Bell, so therefore general information that is available in the public domain such as on the internet will be used, but the drawback to this is that this information might not be 100% accurate and sometimes cannot be verified. Finally if this report is to be completed on schedule to meet its set objectives then the above mentioned points in this section should be sufficiently addressed on the earliest opportunity to allow time for the fluid dynamic research.

Analyzing Mr. Keating’s Teaching Concept in Dead Poets Society from Progressivism Essay

â…   Introduction 1.1 Brief Introduction of Dead Poets Society In 1959, Welton Academy is respected by the people for its dignified style at that time. The education mode there is fixed, not only monotonous but ideology shackled. However it all changed in the hands of a new teacher. John Keating’s educational method against tradition brought vitality to this school: in his classroom, he encouraged the students to stand upon the desk, to observe the world around with a different perspective; he introduced thoughtful poetry to students; the free divergent thinking philosophy he advocated caused great repercussions among students. Gradually, some people accepted him, began to bravely face every day and grasp their own life. Charlie is eager to find the real self, renamed Nuwanda. He takes advantage of being one of the proofers, seeks chance of expressing self-independent thought. Knox behaves uncharacteristically, be brave to pursue his love, finally get a gleam of hope. With the help of Mr. Keating and Neil, the autistic Todd breaks out infinite potential, walks out of shadow and becomes confident and gregarious. Under the edification of the Poetry Society, Neil listens to inner voice and found his real ideal. In spite of his father’s opposition, he successfully starred in the play A Midsummer Night’s Dream. 1.2 Overseas and Domestic Research Status According to the document literature, there are not many domestic scholars study on education through Dead Poets Society. The articles one-sidedly analyze the teaching methods, teaching concept or teacher-student relationship of this film, which still help the analysis of several aspects in this thesis. For example The Teaching Paradigm Thinking Triggered by ‘Dead Poets Society’ written by Long Qixiang, it has explained the changes in teaching purpose in this film; and Discussion on Mr. Keating’ Teaching Concept in ‘Dead Poets Society’ written by Liu Weixing, it has analyzed teaching concept of Mr.Keating. Western scholars have fully analyzed Progressivism. They have put forward their own views from the meaning, thought and influence of Chinese and western education reform. The writer collates and selects the useful materials, by combining Progressive theory with this film will let readers understand how to reasonably teach in theory, and properly apply theory into practice better. â… ¡ Background Knowledge of Progressivism Progressive Education is an educational philosophical thought populated in the United States in first half of 20th century. It has a considerable impact on education at American schools. 2.1 Definition At the end of 19th century and the early 20th century, with the emergency of ‘Progressive Education’ movement in United States, the solid status of Western Absolutism which was completed by Herbart was shaken. Progressive education is an extensive educational trend based on progressive ideas. Its core idea is to promote the transformation of society and the update of human, so as to promote successive progress of human society through education and educational reform. This educational trend originated from 17, 18 century, its influence has continued to present day. 2.2 Theoretical Basis Progressive Education is the education experiment under the guidance of Dewey’s Pragmatism educational thinking. People strongly criticized the old traditional theories and methods led by Herbart, then its opposite ‘Children Centered’ theory put forward. Brief Introduction of Content about Dewey’s Pragmatism Educational Thought: (1) Education namely is Life, Growth and Experience Transformation Education is the process children are now living but not the preparation of future life. The best education is ‘learn from life’, ‘learn from experience’. Due to personal contact with people in social life, individual influences each other, and then we can gradually expand and improve experience, acquire knowledge and develop moral character. (2) School namely is Society. Dewey proposed, ‘I believe school primarily a social organization. Now that education is a social process, the school is a form of social life’. (3) Learning from Doing. The knowledge children gain from listening and reading is not real. The primal and impressive knowledge was gain from doing something like experiment. When we engaged in activities that are meaningful to us, our study effect will be magically revealed. So the study from doing will never be replaced by textbooks. (4) ‘Children Centered’ Theory Proponents of this theory take a child’s development as a natural process that teachers can not dominate, but being a ‘natural servant’. Take children’s interest as the center, emphasize children’s personal development and growth and put students in central point of teaching. Promote new forms, content, methods of education. 2.3 Influences to American Education Due to the establishment of guiding ideology based on people (children, learners), it would inevitably lead to the overall changes which are related to this aspect in education system. That is this whole education reform, at the end of 19th century, early 20th century American society really needs. In this sense, the first contribution of Progressive Education to American education is that, it powerfully promotes American education from agricultural age to industrial age, from modern to contemporary. The Progressive Education constitutes an important beginning of modern American education. Another critical contribution of Progressive Education to the development of American education in 20th century is that, it has had profound impact in forming the basic characteristics of school education in U.S.A. In contemporary American education, progressive educators have strongly advocated the importance of children’s needs and personality differences; emphasized providing more space for children; encouraged inquiry and creative development; respect for the rights of children and so on. All these have become a widespread reality. To some extent, Progressive Education fundamentally changed the atmosphere of American schools and classrooms. Though the ‘Children Centered’ theory advocated by Progressive Education was criticized, the authoritarianism educators opposed could no longer rule the American schools. â… ¢ Analyzing Mr. Keating’s Teaching Concept from the Perspectives of Progressivism In this chapter, the writer will analyze Mr. Keating’s teaching from the Teaching Purpose, Teaching Principles and Teacher-student Relationship of Progressivism; point out the advantages and hidden problems in his teaching. 3.1 Teaching Purpose Progressivism considered there is no ultimate, stable or universal goal preplanning for education. Education should promote children’s continuous growth and development, and this kind of growth and development will contribute to the follow-up. That is the purpose of education. In Welton Academy which filled with dogma and stuffy atmosphere, great courage and boldness is needed to be faithful to one’s personality. But Mr. Keating dares to use a unique way, visually warn students ‘to find your own road, to find your own walk, do not care what others say’. He uses’ Seize the Day’ to alert students to find themselves, to do what they want to do, ‘to make your life extraordinary’. He is a maverick. He is brave to lead the students to get rid of the shackles of tradition and discipline, to arouse the passion and desire in their hearts. In his view, paying attention to students’ creative thinking and self-expression of personality is more valuable than inheriting tradition. The traditional education starts from imparting knowledge and skills, the students’ task is to accept and store knowledge as much as possible in order to succeed at all levels of exam. This kind of education leads to the consequence that study is for knowledge and exams not for students themselves or their ideal life. So during the teaching process, Mr. Keating not only emphasizes students’ acquirement about knowledge and skills, but the training of the way they thinking and the cultivation of healthy personality. 3.2 Teaching Principles The principles of Progressive Education like methods, content and materials being adopted in the teaching process are all included. These are concrete steps to achieve the teaching purpose of Progressivism, and these are also the steps Mr. Keating always keeps on doing. Basic principles of ‘progressive education’ is: express and cultivate personality, oppose to instill from outside; behave freely, protest compulsory discipline; learn from experience not from the textbooks; oppose to obtain isolated skills and techniques through training; make full use of opportunities in real life, against fixed target and materials. To be more specific, principles can be divided into 10 points: (1) Attention to all abilities and power of a child. Student is considered to be a total organism which contains intellectual, social, emotional, physical, spiritual and other aspects. Students should not only develop intelligence but social, emotional, physical and other aspects should also be developed. This point is thought to be one of basics of ‘Children Centered’ theory. It doesn’t set a specific goal or inclined to develop the important aspect for children, but to grow up comprehensively. However, Welton as an educational institution, it likes a machine without heat and emotional coloring which only focuses on enrolment rate, processes each student into qualified product with its powerful deterrent and imprisoned force. The arrival of Mr. Keating injects fresh blood for them, so that they see the human instinct. The instinctive impulse, repressed desires, emotions and intentions deep in their unconscious begin to stir. (2) The role of a teacher is to encourage but not to supervise. This point is related to teacher-student relationship. In traditional teaching, the role of teacher is not only to teach students knowledge but a supervisor to assure students would not do the things which are out of discipline or influence their study. One pillar of Welton is discipline. What school should do is to assure enrollment rate, eradicate every activity that would influence students’ score, teachers always put heavy study pressure on students’ shoulder. Students there are not people but learning machine. In Progressivism, Teacher is a person who uses his rich and right experience to help students analyze and deal with different situations. He is important to be a guide or a leader in teaching, but he is not the only authority. In Mr. Keating’s teaching, he teaches book knowledge and life philosophy through normal daily activities and his own experience. He doesn’t limit students’ freedom and to encourage them to seize the day, to find things people really stay alive for. But it also shows that if students lack proper supervision, it will have negative impacts. (3) School should be positive and active to solve problems then enhance, but not be negative or passive in teaching through memories. Analysis and reconstruction of facts is indispensable for an increase of knowledge, explanatory power and the ability to correctly classified. If people want to find something new, they must do something to the object. It is necessary to jump out of the environment which has been set previously. A usual way of teaching is to remember and recite the book knowledge like formulas, equations and poems then repeat practicing. Welton only uses traditional ways to teach while sometimes not suitable for students, for example students learn Latin by reading after teacher; they learn science by doing much homework. While Mr. Keating encourages students try to look at things from different perspectives when they are learning, even though it may seem silly or wrong. He regards the way to rate and determine a poem great or not by the rational coordinate in textbook is excrement. He let students rip out entire introduction. (4) Friendly, enthusiastic and humanitarian classroom atmosphere. Class is the main place for teaching, the quality of teaching hinges on the atmosphere in class more or less. A teacher of profound learning should have the ability to make his students actively participate in the learning process, students have interest to learn then even profound knowledge could be understood. In other teachers’ classroom, students are silent and indiscriminate, teachers are authoritative and rigorous and the atmosphere is always tense. Students should follow and comply with teachers’ requirements otherwise they would get a low score in their exams. Mr. Keating’s class is on the contrary, no bondage is in the classroom. He does not adopt the way that teacher stands seriously on platform and students sit properly below. He walks among students and uses approachable ways imparting knowledge. (5) More space. This point likes the second point, which is to provide more space for children in learning and private daily life. In this film, students are under the control of authority; their inner desires are bound by reality. Space is namely freedom, it is required to learn, to live. People are instinctive to chase happiness, but it always restricts by reality, so we need to find a compromising way to chase happiness. They release repressed sentiment by reading poems in the cave, by reading a meaningful sentence before kicking football. The things they cannot achieve in real life can be got in poetic imagination. Under the suppression of Welton’s educational concept, Mr. Keating also harshly criticized school’s management system with his own practical action. (6) The curriculum should be adapted to each child’s level of maturity, and based on children’s interest, creativity, self-expression and personal development to achieve individualized. Children were born in their own way, but through the struggle with reality their individual character would be obliterated, from a pentagon to a round shape. Though Welton always cultivates only one type of person, which is qualified graduate. It is hard to implement this kind of curriculum even in today’s society, what we could do is to keep our pure personality from changing by our surroundings. (7) To provide children with a wealth of teaching materials, facilitate students to explore, to operate, to apply. Teaching is not limited in classroom, not limited in the required materials. Learning can in everywhere. In the first class of Mr. Keating, he whistled and led students to the school history exhibition room, let them stop their impetuous pace and face the age-old yellow photos, to listen to the silent advice’ Carpe Diem’, to comprehend the short time and demise of life. In gym class, he was playing vibrant Baroque music, while let students line up single file and read an incentive poetry before kicking the ball. These are not the ways traditional teachers would adopt but by which encourage students most. In headmaster’s eyes, students should sit in the classroom and absorb traditional materials which have been tested by practice. There is no need for them clapping and marching in the courtyard or doing anything which does not help with their study. (8) Establish organization to promote cooperation and make common experience. The knowledge and experience work out together by learners themselves will be more impressive than the one by force-feeding. In this film, students firstly organize study groups to help each other with their homework. Afterwards, they reorganize The Dead Poets—a community devotes to ‘suck out all the marrow of life’. They transfer the way to release repressed emotion to this literary society. Students rally in a cave at night, they recite the works of Byron, Whitman and even the one creates by them, feel the meaning and value of life. (9) Oppose to the concept of education is preparation for life. Advocate education is a constituent part of actual production process. This point is the same as Dewey’s Pragmatism. Progressivism sides on the idea that education is to enhance personal development in real life; rather than let children adapt to education, but let education adapt to children. Mr. Keating never urges students to get a high score or be the top of ranks, he just wants his children to acquire right values and grow up comprehensively through education. However, headmaster insists that the duty of school is to prepare students for college, because a best enrolment means bright future for students and reputation for school. The development of student’s rest aspects will take care of itself. It cannot say which one is absolutely right, but the two contradictions will cultivate entirely different students. (10) Against compulsory and strict punishment. This is the common rewards and penalties system even in today’s school. Students with good grades will receive many rewards, and others behave badly will be published differently due to their behaviors. In Welton Academy which takes enrolment rate as the ultimate goal. Mr. Keating as an English teacher, he abandons the stereotype and dogma and teaches without pointer and corporal punishment, but in the form of poetry, music and sports, inspires students to pursue the truth of life by applying his unique insights towards art . But when Charlie slipped an article in school paper, received a phone call from ‘God’ demanding girls be admitted to Welton, he was published by headmaster; he has to bow his head and look for forgiveness. 3.3 Teacher-student Relationship Progressivism inherited and developed the educational philosophy of Dewey’s Pragmatism. They think that children should be in accordance with their own needs and interests. Therefore, teachers should act as a mentor or advisor rather than an authoritative figure. The responsibility of the teacher is not to command relying on the authority but to provide advices. Children should determine their own things by the interest, and they plan their own development, teachers are just learning guide. (1) The role of students: they turn from ‘knowledge passive receptacles’ to ‘positive constructors’. Mr. Keating always thought the idea of education was to learn to think for yourself. He encouraged students to be a free thinker and told them the dangers of conformity. ‘Suck out the marrow of life in my own way. And not, when I had come to die, discover that I had not lived’. Obviously, Mr. Keating asked students to break the reality that passively accept tradition and authority, trying to require them to acquire knowledge through active thinking then resulting in the growth of life. Student is a total organism which is autonomous and developmental. They are not affected by external factors and continuously feel, experience the meaning and value of life in growing process. Thus teachers should not to control students’ behavior but to respect their self-awareness; pay attention to the needs of student’s physical, emotional and other aspects. Make the learning process becoming the process of students’ growth. Furthermore, knowledge is not granted by others, but discover and invent by learner themselves. The learning materials were chose, understood and reformed by learners’ own experience, then constructed their own new knowledge system. So students should not be the passive receptacles to store knowledge but active constructors. (2) The role of teachers: They change from ‘knowledge porters’ to ‘wisdom enlighteners’. Mr. Keating has vividly showed how to be a guide and enlighteners through his teaching methods and behavior. Teachers should create teaching situation, lead students to use prior knowledge and skills to delve into learning. In his class, Mr. Keating would start from the book learning or a shallow action into a deep life lesson. ‘Seize the day!’, ‘Talking about poetry is not laying pipe.’, ‘See everything in a different way, seek for your own voice’, ‘Find your own pace, swim against stream.’ Teachers should be aware of the importance of letting students know how to acquire knowledge rather than directly give them knowledge. To encourage students to be good at thinking, be daring to innovate, be brave to explore. It is sure if without Mr. Keating’s enforcement, Todd would not make his excellent verse and still be an obedient child; keep his desire deep in mind forever. From this point we can see, teacher and student are both living individual. They have their own emotions, personality, values and ways of thinking. They also have their own views and experience towards teaching. The teacher cannot be a substitute for his students to perceive or understand knowledge. Therefore, teacher cannot be the one controlling teaching; student should not comply with it. Teachers should walk down from the superior central authority; eliminate cold, nervous, hostile atmosphere in the classroom; return the classroom to students and regard students as individual life; respect their personality and equally talk with them. 3.4 Advantages of Mr. Keating’s Teaching 3.4.1 Mr. Keating set a model for teacher about Happy Teaching. He takes ease and freedom as standard to create a casual learning environment. Mr. Keating broke the ‘force-feeding’ teaching mode and built an interactive platform between teacher and students. He respected students and concerned about their real needs, made them happily grow up in a free, casual teaching environment. He taught students to have a pair of eyes to discover beauty, to feel the wonderful in discipline with their heart. Be good at observing and discovering; let all students to become the master of their own ideas. E.g. Mr. Keating encouraged them to look at things in different ways, to seek for own voice. This free divergent thinking form leaves students more space for positive thinking; another example is telling students lifetime is short, if you want to make your life extraordinary you have to seize the day. 3.4.2 Mr. Keating taught students to Learn to Think. He let students to learn thinking freely and independently. Have your own voice not to follow indiscriminately. Learning in the classroom is always dead and mechanical; the knowledge while we chat outside of the classroom is alive and vivid. The former is specialized knowledge; the latter ‘liberal’ education. E.g. Mr. Keating let students walk freely in the courtyard to experience that it is easy to follow the pace of others while walking behind them and it is difficult to adhere to their own pace and personality. 3.4.3 Mr. Keating helped students to Establish Confidence and Keep Faith. Mr. Keating introduced thoughtful poems to students, let them gradually comprehend the connotation of poem; learn to focus on reality and love life and to cultivate students’ self-confident, optimistic and tough characters. Students can play their potential ability by reciting poetry. E.g. Todd is an introverted and sensitive student, Mr. Keating saw his cowardice but he did not condone it. He forced Todd to yawn to compose a verse thus to release his repressed emotions. Mr. Keating makes students know the meaning of life through his poems. 3.4.4 Mr. Keating encouraged students to develop freely and show their personality. In the whole teaching process, Mr. Keating always encouraged students to develop personality. He thought teaching is not purely imparting knowledge but also deeply cultivating one’s personality. It is a process to let students think freely and explore independently. He let me know success is not unary. Some students study in reputable schools like Welton are carrying too much pressure from family and society, most of times what surroundings force them to do are not they really dream of. Like Neil, Todd and others, they all under the pressure of outside, so they have to hide their inner desire and abide to requirements. In the end, Neil found his dream, Todd overcame his cowardice, and Overstreet was brave to pursue his girl. These are all successes, they all develop without limitation. 3.5 Hidden Problems of Mr. Keating’s Teaching and the Solutions The most touching picture was on the football field: With the melody of Beethoven’s ‘Ode to joy’ and under the encouragement of Mr. Keating, the students wearing red sweatshirt enjoy running, chasing and frolicking. They simply carry Mr. Keating on their shoulders and run hilariously around the playground. In the golden sunset, the immortal melody that shines forever on the concept of human seems to have a new tone. However, the result of a movie is not always a happy ending. Neil’s death is really a tragedy. The hidden problems in Mr. Keating’s teaching have emerged. 3.5.1 ‘Children Centered’ Theory should work in its moderate otherwise it will gradually become an indulgent behavior. It is really a good thing that Mr. Keating changes the monotonous atmosphere for his students, to help them to find their inner desire and tell them many life philosophies. It is obvious that everyone hopes to meet a teacher like Mr. Keating. But it still needs supervision. At their meeting in cave, except a few good poems the students occasionally recited, practically accompanied by smoking and drinking. When Charlie did wrong, Mr. Keating just told him not to be blatant. But there is no need to excessively against nature like Welton. In my view, both teachers’ guidance and students’ interest should take into consideration in teaching. By combining both of them, students, teachers and school will be in a harmonious relationship. 3.5.2 The education concept of Mr. Keating seems to be too ideal. He said, ‘Medicine, law, business, engineering: these are noble pursuit and necessary to sustain life; but poetry, beauty, romance, love: these are what we stay alive for’. He tried to let students be aware of the importance of individual growth and the meaning of life. His words inspired students. They want to seek for dream at the same time they are trammeled by reality. But Neil is too concerned with his ideal to make necessary compromise with reality. He puts himself into an impasse and he kills himself in order to make his body free. This is the character of Progressivism: it focuses on personal development. However, it would be better if we balance personal needs and social needs; ideal and reality. Education should be the integration of these four parts. Blind pursuit of ideal is extremely dangerous because it would make us defeated by the cruel reality. Thus we must look for the most appropriate method to seek for dreams and try our best to keep the balance between ideal and reality. 3.5.3 Progressivism education ignores imparting system knowledge. In this film, Mr. Keating also emphasizes more on telling students about life philosophies rather than imparting system knowledge. He skips around the chapter in textbook which is not beneficial for students. To realize inner desire needs to put into action, systematic knowledge is the basis of practice. Understanding life philosophies is important for mental development while systematic knowledge is also indispensable for intellectual development. â… £ Conclusion After analyzing Mr. Keating’s teaching concept, educators can apply some useful points in Chinese education. There are some unreasonable status quos in Chinese education, like it highly required technicality of subject knowledge but ambiguously required for all-round capability of mastering and applying knowledge; most of disciplines which are self-contained do not communicate with each other and the learning content is away from reality and its practicality is poor. By combining useful points in the analysis, solutions could be put forward to improve status quo: As for Teaching Purpose, except focusing on high scores, there are many other things they should learn and experience like moral values. Personal growth and social purpose of education should in a balanced state. This is complete and correct purpose. As for Teaching Content, practical skills like fostering creativity, teamwork and logical reasoning could be increased, at the same time we should not neglect students’ learning about basic knowledge. Another important thing is that we should led students know how to apply them to practice, especially by using the examples in real life. After all, education is to help us to be able to deal with problems in many fields. As for Teaching Method, funds and advanced technology has been applying to teaching facilities nowadays, teaching methods become diverse and we should make full use of existing facilities. Teachers can combine their teaching content with appropriate method and facility, by doing so students will be more engaged in teaching process. By analyzing Mr. Keating’s teaching purpose, teaching principles and teacher-student relationship in Dead Poets Society from perspectives of Progressivism. Readers can firstly have a general understanding about this western educational philosophy, and then they can comprehend the theoretical foundation of Mr. Keating’s teaching behaviors, which is really commendable in Chinese education. Progressivism breaks through the fetter of traditional education, advocates the importance of children’s interests and free space to develop. But everything should be in a moderate, so that can avoid the issues because of extreme. The analysis of unreasonable status quo of Chinese high school education will attract people’s attention to problems of educational practice and education itself. That is we have to eliminate exam-oriented education which only focuses on students’ grades and neglects the development of other respects. As for the solutions of these problems are writer’s desired methods to solve them. The reform and healthy growth of Chinese education system will keep going through trial and error. Works Cited [1].è ° ¢Ã¥ ¦ ®Ã¥ ¦ ®. è ¿ Ã§â€ ¨Ã¥ ¼â€"æ ´â€ºÃ¤ ¼Å Ã¥ ¾ ·Ã§ ² ¾Ã§ ¥Å¾Ã¥Ë†â€ Ã¦Å¾ Ã¦â€° ¹Ã¨ ¯â€žÃ¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¨ ¯â€žÃ¦Å¾ Ã£â‚¬Å Ã¦ ­ »Ã¤ º ¡Ã¨ ¯â€"ç ¤ ¾Ã£â‚¬â€¹[J]ï ¼Å'Ã¥ » ¶Ã¥ ®â€°Ã¨ Å'ä ¸Å¡Ã¦Å â‚¬Ã¦Å" ¯Ã¥ ­ ¦Ã©â„¢ ¢Ã¯ ¼Å' 2011ï ¼Ë†03ï ¼â€° [2].刘å  «Ã¦ËœÅ¸Ã¯ ¼Å'Ã¥ ½ ­Ã¥Å  ²Ã¦  ¾. æ µâ€¦Ã¨ ® ®Ã£â‚¬Å Ã¦ ­ »Ã¤ º ¡Ã¨ ¯â€"ç ¤ ¾Ã£â‚¬â€¹Ã¤ ¸ ­Ã¥Å¸ ºÃ¥ » ·Ã¨â‚¬ Ã¥ ¸Ë†Ã§Å¡â€žÃ¦â€¢â„¢Ã¥ ­ ¦Ã§ â€ Ã¥ ¿ µ[J]ï ¼Å'ç §â€˜Ã¦â€¢â„¢Ã¦â€"‡æ ±â€¡Ã¯ ¼Ë†Ã¤ ¸ ­Ã¦â€" ¬Ã¥Ë†Å Ã¯ ¼â€°Ã¯ ¼Å' 2010ï ¼Ë†02ï ¼â€° [3].é ¾â„¢Ã¨ µ ·Ã© ¦â„¢. 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Emerging Leadership Trends And Theories Essay

The contingency theory of leadership concentrates on the efficiency of leadership in terms of organizing, leading and making decisions for an organization, and it is dependent on matching a leader’s style to the right situation. This theory was introduced by Fielder, who analyzed various leaders in different contexts, but mostly he studied on the military. The theory assumes that behavior and styles cannot be influenced or modified; it is contradictory to ‘’situational leadership† which emphasized the need for the leaders to adapt to the situation. Besides, the term ‘’situation† implies to a complex combination of leader-member relation, task structure, and position power. 1. Leader-member relation is an evaluation of leadership acceptance between the organizational hierarchies. Therefore, the relationship is high when the leader is respected and accepted by his or her juniors. 2. Task structure is an evaluation of the simplicity of the task or project and their methods used to achieve the end product. 3. Positional power is an evaluation of amount power the leader has to manipulate the productivity of the juniors. Therefore, the power is high if a great deal of power is formally attributed to the position of the leader. Transformation Leadership Theory Leadership expert James Burns introduced the transformation leadership theory. As per Bass, transformation leadership can be identified when leaders’ and followers cooperate in order to advance or change to a higher level of motivation. Therefore through the strength of their personality and vision, the leaders can inspire followers to change perceptions, expectation and motivation to work to attain a common goal. There are also four components of transformations leadership theory; 1. Intellectual stimulation arises when the leader motivates the followers to explore new ways of doing things and invent new opportunities to learn. Individual consideration that  involves encouraging and offering support to individual followers 2. Inspirational motivation arises when the leaders have a clear perspective that they can articulate to followers. 3. Idealized influence occurs when the followers emulate and internalize the leader’s ideas that they usually respect and trust as their role model. Situational Leadership Theory Situational leadership theory was developed by a professor known as Paul Hersey. The fundamental underpinning situational leadership theory is that leadership depends on each situation. Therefore, there is no single leadership style that can be considered the best. A good leader is the one who can adapt to his or her objectives and goals in accomplishing his leadership. In fact, the capacity to assume responsibility, education, experience and goal setting are the main factors that make a leader successful. Also, the maturity or ability of the followers is a critical factor as well which facilitate good leadership.

Descriptive Essay Sample About My Life 5 Key Points to Include

Descriptive Essay Sample About My Life 5 Key Points to Include One of the most popular essay topics among students is â€Å"My Life† where every student tries to describe his/her life in details which problems exist, what priorities, and outlooks he/she has, etc. It can also be called an autobiographical essay but no in the pure form where you provide the reader with autobiographical details when/where you were born, at what school you were studying, etc. It’s a little bit different. To write a good descriptive essay about life, you should be able to describe some key elements of your life: Mindset, Environment, Relationships, Everyday activities, Hobbies, Experiences and many other things that make up your life. Start writing an essay on your life after reading this article it contains useful information on what to write about in the given essay. It can be needed for an admission essay or any other assignment at school, college or university. Besides, you are offered a well-written essay sample on the topic â€Å"My Life†. Follow it and finish any task with ease! What Can You Tell About Your Life: 5 Key Points to Include The main question you should ask yourself is â€Å"What would be interesting for me to know about the life of any other person?† Imagine you want to know more about your favorite actor or singer. What will you ask him/her about? As it is possible to find out most of the factual information with the help of the Internet today, there is no need to ask about the age, date or place of birth. It is better to focus on the following points while writing a descriptive essay â€Å"My Life†: What is my attitude toward life? How do I perceive my life? Which life experiences influence the way I face today’s world? What do I want from life? Do I enjoy my life to the full or not? Answering these key questions in your essay, you become closer to the fulfillment of the main goal of essay writing to describe your personal life vividly. Besides, you can answer some other questions that are also relevant to life. For example, Is there any challenge in your life that you should overcome or you’ve already overcome? Have you ever dealt with failures in your life? Do you learn from the real-life experience? Whats the relationship between you and your family? Who are your friends? How do you spend your free time? Do you have a passion or hobby in your life? Have you traveled outside of your country, city? Mind all the aspects that could reveal your life to the reader to the fullest extent let your personality come through an essay. Look at how it is done in the essay sample below! Essay Sample My Life Is Life is beautiful and yet life is not a bed of roses. Though it is full of ups and downs, it has many facets of blessings and successes. To some people, life is hard, cruel and merciless. Thes people see life as punishment throughout their entire lives. They, therefore, resigned themselves to fate, believing all is finished. To them, nothing that they do can ever be good. They take delight in committing crimes and maiming others to avenge their ill-fortune. They lost every sense of direction and most times, some of them go as far as committing suicide, just to escape the injustice life has meted out to them. But there are those who see life as a challenge, a channel of discovery and innovation, a prospect for success and a gateway to wealth. To them, life is sweet, colorful and kind. No matter the situation these people find themselves, they keep pressing on, believing in a cause, a cause to succeed and get the most out of life. No wonder an adage says, â€Å"Where there is life, there is hope.† Personally, I belong to these people who enjoy life. The will to succeed or fail lies within an individual jurisdiction. You can live life to the fullest with utmost satisfaction and fulfillment if you determine with all your mind, body and soul to succeed. On the other hand, life can be miserable to you if you take everything for granted and wait on fate to play itself out. The setting of goals and strategic plans that will strive no matter the odds which may move against you is one of the basic things needed to get the best out of life. These goals which must be result-oriented should be followed up consistently even if things seem blurred or unyielding at first. Also, the mind is the center of everything. It controls your thoughts and beliefs. A focused mind has never failed. A positive mind helps one to discover talents and potentials. Great men and women, both living and dead, had their minds focused on something and nothing deterred them from achieving their dreams. Each of them had a belief, should I say faith, which they held onto, they nurture the belief, focused all their attention and live on it. And today, we have benefited in one way or the other from their inventions and great ideas. Life is a challenge. And for anyone to succeed in life, he/she must be ready to show the stuff they are made of. He/she must be ready to sacrifice time and build up the mind frame toward success. What is happening in our environment should not influence or affect us in our daily quest for success in life. Instead, we should control the happenings around us. Life is so easy, yet many people rush and miss what they want to achieve in life. Don’t rush in life. Take one step at a time. Each step should be properly planned before being launched. Steady, balance, mark and shoot. And before you know it, the sky will become the beginning of your success. All the great men of today, has one way or the other tasted the other side of life but they did not cower. Instead, they were renewed to redefine their goals; they ride on with faith, believing in their potential, focusing their mind on something, knowing fully well that in every black cloud there is always a silver lining. I take life to be very simple and do you know what? Life is to be enjoyed. What about you? As you see this essay is a chance to express your life philosophy and values to the readers and give them a sense of who you are. For example, the admissions committee can make sense of you as a potential student in a college you’re applying to or vice versa. So don’t pass up this chance to reflect your personality in this essay by describing what your life is like in details and how it has shaped you. The ‘Into’, ‘Through’, and ‘Beyond’ Approach to Writing an Essay Certainly, you need to describe your life in this essay. But what is a sense when there is no relevance to the reader? Indeed, this topic is quite philosophical to involve others in its discussion. It is true there is no possible way to discuss it on paper, but still, it is possible to touch on the reader. Despite the fact that you should tell about your life in your personal voice, you should address the reader directly. Look at how it is done in an essay sample. The final words deserve a special notice it is a direct question referred to the reader. Be sure it will play a positive role! So, you have the right framework for writing the descriptive essay on the topic â€Å"My Life†. Don’t waste time and start writing immediately the early start makes easy stages!

Direct Democracy Pros and Cons

Direct Democracy Pros and Cons Direct democracy, sometimes called pure democracy, is a form of democracy in which all laws and policies imposed by governments are determined by the people themselves, rather than by representatives who are elected by the people. In a true direct democracy, all laws, bills and even court decisions are voted on by all citizens. Direct vs. Representative Democracy Direct democracy is the opposite of the more common representative democracy, under which the people elect representatives who are empowered to create laws and policies for them. Ideally, the laws and policies enacted by the elected representatives should closely reflect the will of the majority of the people. While the United States, with the protections of its federal system of â€Å"checks and balances,† practices representative democracy, as embodied in the U.S. Congress and the state legislatures, two forms of limited direct democracy are practiced at the state and local level: ballot initiatives and binding referendums, and recall of elected officials. Ballot initiatives and referendums allow citizens to place – by petition – laws or spending measures typically considered by state and local legislative bodies on statewide or local ballots. Through successful ballot initiatives and referendums, citizens can create, amend or repeal laws, as well as amend state constitutions and local charters. Examples of Direct Democracy: Athens and Switzerland Perhaps the best example of direct democracy existed in ancient Athens, Greece.  While it excluded women, slaves, and immigrants from voting, Athenian direct democracy required all citizens to vote on all major issues of government. Even the verdict of every court case was determined by a vote of all the people. In the most prominent example in modern society, Switzerland practices a modified form of direct democracy under which any law enacted by the nation’s elected legislative branch can be vetoed by a vote of the general public. In addition, citizens can vote to require the national legislature to consider amendments to the Swiss constitution. Pros and Cons of Direct Democracy While the idea of having the ultimate say-so over the affairs of government might sound tempting, there are some good – and bad – aspects of direct democracy that need to be considered: 3 Pros of Direct Democracy Full Government Transparency: Without a doubt, no other form of democracy ensures a greater degree of openness and transparency between the people and their government. Discussions and debates on major issues are held in public. In addition, all successes or failures of the society can be credited to – or blamed on – the people, rather than the government.  More Government Accountability: By offering the people a direct and unmistakable voice through their votes, direct democracy demands a great level of accountability on the part of the government. The government cannot claim it was unaware of or unclear on the will of the people. Interference in the legislative process from partisan political parties and special interest groups are largely eliminated.Greater Citizen Cooperation: In theory at least, people are more likely to happily comply with laws they create themselves. Moreover, people who know that their opinions will make a difference, they more eager to take p art in the processes of government. 3 Cons of Direct Democracy We Might Never Decide: If every American citizen were expected to vote on every issue considered at every level of government, we might never decide on anything. Between all of the issues considered by local, state and federal governments, citizens could literally spend all day, every single day voting.Public Involvement Would Drop: Direct democracy best serves the interest of the people when most people take part in it. As the time required for debating and voting increases, public interest, and participation in the process would quickly decrease, leading to decisions which did not truly reflect the will of the majority. In the end, small groups of people often with dangerous axes to grind, could control the government.One Tense Situation After Another: In any society as large and diverse as that in the United States, what is the chance of that everyone will ever happily agree with or at least peacefully accept decisions on major issues? As recent history has shown, not much.

Class scientific literacy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Class scientific literacy - Essay Example How did he gain extensive knowledge on the subject? Through formal education or mere observation? Who was this person? Where is this person now? There is also a possibility that Super Novas are of varied types. Are there different types of Super Novas? Is there a classification for such? How does he determine or differentiate one from the other? Where do stars come from? How do they come about? How do they die? Do Super Novas have the same life span as other stars? How often do stars reproduce themselves? With continual research being done to come up with highly developed instruments, how advanced is technology pertaining to Astronomy? How expensive can they get? Can digital cameras do the job of capturing the movement of stars? If not, what is the instrument to use? Would you recommend what is called â€Å"charge-coupled devices† in practicing this hobby? 2) Many scientists discussed in Bryson pre-dated the Nobel Prizes. Nominate one of these scientists for a pre-Nobel prize - the "DSL100 Award." Select a discovery worthy of receiving such an honor and provide 3 specific reasons your nominee should win. I would nominate Charles Darwin for a Nobel Prize. Darwin’s Theory of Evolution by means of what he calls natural selection (Bryson, 2003) is one of the most essential and most fundamental theories of how man evolved and came to be. It is fascinating to note that Darwin adhered to the idea that humans are the upgraded versions of apes. Darwin had other worthy contributions to science but this discovery had the greatest impact and significance to mankind. - Darwin was a scientist at heart. At a young age, he traveled the world to make observations on plants and animals. He eventually succeeded and was able to come up with inferences which he wrote in a book entitled â€Å"The Origin of Species†. If not for his discovery, other scientists would not have had a basic idea to work on and initiate further studies on the

Benefits on Sring Speech or Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Benefits on Sring - Speech or Presentation Example While there are many breakthroughs that have been made and that make lives easier, the S-ring will transform the financial world by reducing or possibly eliminating any visits to banks or even carrying liquid cash. Due to the technology incorporated in the device, the S-ring will provide a faster access to the required information thus saving time. Since you may be worried about the safety of your money when using this device, that sector has also been catered for by the S-ring technology. The S-ring will use one of the most secure verification ways, which is your fingerprint. This device will only accept a specific user’s fingerprint so as to authorize a transaction. The personal information being accessed when transacting would be secured so that any third party would not access it. Therefore, the user may rest assured that their money is secure. There will be ease of access when using the S-ring. This is because it will be easier for the user to purchase stuff that does not exceed a specified amount. For more personalization, as the user, you can set the maximum amount of funds available to this technology. When using the technology, the users will be required to hold hands. This will lead to more interactions as well as bonding of people. This implies that the S-ring will foster better social relationships as well as social networking. For improved reliability, the device will enable instant access to users’ banking systems. The S-ring’s account can be connected to multi banking channels instantly when the transactions are being made. The user should not worry about the security of their money because the device will be highly secured and the data will only be shared between individual banks. To further keep the users at ease, the device will make use of the most up to date banking security systems to ensure that intrusion possibilities are eliminated. Financial transactions between different banks can be achieved through a